Mysql Basic Commands

[mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p 
Create a database on the sql server. 

create database [databasename]; 
List all databases on the sql server. 

show databases; 
Switch to a database. 

use [db name]; 
To see all the tables in the db. 

show tables; 
To see database's field formats. 

describe [table name]; 
To delete a db. 

drop database [database name]; 
To delete a table. 

drop table [table name]; 
Show all data in a table. 

SELECT * FROM [table name]; 
Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table. 

show columns from [table name]; 
Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever". 

SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever"; 
Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'. 

SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444'; 
Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field. 

SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number; 
Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'. 

SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444'; 
Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a. 

SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a$"; 
Show unique records. 

SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name]; 
Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc). 

SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC; 
Return number of rows. 

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name]; 
Sum column. 

SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name]; 
Join tables on common columns. 

select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup 
left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id; 
Switch to the mysql db. Create a new user. 

INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','user',PASSWORD('password')); 
Change a users password.(from unix shell). 

[mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password' 
Change a users password.(from MySQL prompt). 

SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere'); 
Allow the user "bob" to connect to the server from localhost using the password "passwd" 

grant usage on *.* to bob@localhost identified by 'passwd'; 
Switch to mysql db.Give user privilages for a db. 

INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','databasename','username','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N'); 

or 

grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost; 
To update info already in a table. 

UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; 
Delete a row(s) from a table. 

DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever'; 
Update database permissions/privilages. 

FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 
Delete a column. 

alter table [table name] drop column [column name]; 
Add a new column to db. 

alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20); 
Change column name. 

alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50); 
Make a unique column so you get no dupes. 

alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]); 
Make a column bigger. 

alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3); 
Delete unique from table. 

alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name]; 
Load a CSV file into a table. 

LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY 'n' (field1,field2,field3); 
Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's. 

[mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql 
Dump one database for backup. 

[mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql 
Dump a table from a database. 

[mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql 
Restore database (or database table) from backup. 

[mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql 
Create Table Example 1. 

CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups 
VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255)); 
Create Table Example 2. 

create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastnamevarchar(50) default 'bato');
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